📘 Chapter Contents
1. Classroom Explanation
Subject–verb agreement means the verb must match the subject in number and person. This is one of the most tested topics in NDA error spotting.
हिंदी: Subject singular हो तो verb भी singular; subject plural हो तो verb भी plural।
2. Basic Rules
- Singular subject → singular verb (He plays).
- Plural subject → plural verb (They play).
- “And” usually makes subject plural (Ravi and Rohan are…).
- “Either…or / Neither…nor” – verb agrees with the subject closer to it.
- Words like each, every, everyone, someone take singular verbs.
3. Special NDA Rules
- Collective nouns usually take singular verb (The team is ready).
- Distances, amounts, and periods of time take singular verb (Ten kilometres is a long walk).
- “The number of…” → singular verb; “A number of…” → plural verb.
हिंदी: “The number of” = singular; “A number of” = plural.
Each / Every / Everyone = हमेशा singular verb।
4. Solved Examples
Example 1:
Each of the cadets ____ present. (is/are)
Each of the cadets ____ present. (is/are)
“Each” → singular → is.
हिंदी: Each के साथ हमेशा singular verb
हिंदी: Each के साथ हमेशा singular verb
Example 2:
Neither Ravi nor his friends ____ coming. (is/are)
Neither Ravi nor his friends ____ coming. (is/are)
Verb agrees with nearer subject “friends” (plural) → are.
हिंदी: Neither…nor में verb पास वाले subject से मेल खाता है
हिंदी: Neither…nor में verb पास वाले subject से मेल खाता है
Example 3:
A number of students ____ absent. (is/are)
A number of students ____ absent. (is/are)
“A number of” → plural → are.
हिंदी: A number of = कई, इसलिए plural verb
हिंदी: A number of = कई, इसलिए plural verb
5. Practice Questions
1. The team ____ ready for the parade. (is/are)
2. Everyone ____ invited to the function. (is/are)
3. Ten kilometres ____ a long distance to run. (is/are)
4. Either you or your brother ____ responsible. (is/are)
5. The number of candidates ____ increasing. (is/are)
2. Everyone ____ invited to the function. (is/are)
3. Ten kilometres ____ a long distance to run. (is/are)
4. Either you or your brother ____ responsible. (is/are)
5. The number of candidates ____ increasing. (is/are)
Answers
1. is
2. is
3. is
4. is (brother is nearer, singular)
5. is (the number of = singular)
2. is
3. is
4. is (brother is nearer, singular)
5. is (the number of = singular)
Quick Recap | सार
Now you should be able to:
- Recall the most important ideas of this topic.
- Solve typical NDA-style questions from this chapter.
- Spot and avoid common traps used in competitive exams.
Self-check: 3–4 random questions उठा कर देखिए – अगर आसानी से हो रहे हैं, तो chapter strong है।
Common Exam Mistakes | आम गलतियाँ
- Concept ठीक से clear न करना और सीधे रटने की कोशिश करना।
- Question पूरी तरह पढ़े बिना answer mark कर देना।
- Figures, dates, या formulas को last step में verify न करना।
NDA में smart strategy यह है कि आसान वाले सवाल पहले, doubtful बाद में – और silly mistakes से बचना सबसे ज़रूरी है।