1. What are DPSP?
Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are guidelines for the government to create a just and welfare society.
They are mentioned in Part IV (Articles 36–51).
Important points:
Important points:
- Not enforceable in court.
- But very important for governance.
- Aim at social, economic and political welfare.
- Inspired from the Irish Constitution.
हिंदी: DPSP = सरकार को देश कैसे चलाना है, उसके लिए नीतिगत दिशा-निर्देश।
इनको Court में लागू नहीं कराया जा सकता, पर ये बहुत महत्वपूर्ण हैं।
2. Types of DPSP
DPSP can be divided into **three categories**:
- Socialistic Principles
- Gandhian Principles
- Liberal–Intellectual Principles
हिंदी Trick: “S G L” → Socialist, Gandhian, Liberal
याद करने में आसान।
3. Socialistic Principles
Aim → establish a welfare state.
Examples:
Examples:
- Equal pay for equal work.
- Right to adequate means of livelihood.
- Distribution of wealth to avoid extreme inequality.
- Protection of workers, children, and women.
हिंदी: Socialistic DPSP = गरीबी कम करना, बराबरी लाना, लोगों को सम्मानजनक जीवन देना।
4. Gandhian Principles
Inspired from the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi.
Examples:
Examples:
- Promote cottage industries (खादी, छोटा उद्योग).
- Organize village panchayats.
- Promote agriculture and rural economy.
- Improve health and sanitation.
- Prohibit intoxicating drinks and drugs.
हिंदी: Gandhian DPSP = गाँव, किसान, खादी, शराबबंदी, पंचायत – गांधीजी की thinking पर आधारित।
5. Liberal–Intellectual Principles
Aim → promote justice, peace and international harmony.
Examples:
Examples:
- Uniform civil code for all citizens.
- Independent judiciary.
- Promotion of international peace.
- Protection of monuments and culture.
- Environment protection.
हिंदी: Liberal DPSP = देश को modern, educated, और cultured society बनाना।
6. Important Characteristics of DPSP
- Not enforceable by courts (non-justiciable).
- Help government make better policies.
- Aim for social and economic democracy.
- Promote welfare state (कल्याणकारी राज्य).
- Inspired from Irish Constitution.
हिंदी: DPSP enforce नहीं होते → लेकिन देश के दीर्घकालिक विकास के लिए ये foundation हैं।
7. Difference: Fundamental Rights vs DPSP
| Fundamental Rights | DPSP |
|---|---|
| Justiciable (court में लागू) | Non-justiciable | Protect individual freedom | Promote social & economic welfare |
| Negative in nature (govt को रोकते हैं) | Positive in nature (govt को कुछ करने को कहते हैं) |
| Part III | Part IV |
| Main aim: personal liberty | Main aim: welfare state |
हिंदी Summary:
FR = व्यक्ति की आज़ादी
DPSP = समाज/देश का कल्याण
8. Implementation of DPSP (Short NDA View)
Several government policies reflect DPSP, such as:
- Minimum wages laws.
- Mid-day meal scheme.
- Panchayati Raj system.
- Environment protection laws.
- Promotion of education & health.
📘 Practice Questions (NDA Style)
1. DPSP are included in which Part of the Constitution?
a) Part III b) Part IV c) Part V d) Part VI
2. DPSP are:
a) Justiciable b) Non-justiciable c) Enforceable d) Judicial decisions
3. The idea of DPSP is borrowed from:
a) USA b) UK c) Ireland d) Canada
4. "Equal pay for equal work" is part of:
a) Fundamental Rights b) DPSP c) Fundamental Duties d) Preamble
5. Which of the following is a Gandhian DPSP?
a) Uniform Civil Code b) Prohibition of liquor c) International peace d) Environment protection
a) Part III b) Part IV c) Part V d) Part VI
2. DPSP are:
a) Justiciable b) Non-justiciable c) Enforceable d) Judicial decisions
3. The idea of DPSP is borrowed from:
a) USA b) UK c) Ireland d) Canada
4. "Equal pay for equal work" is part of:
a) Fundamental Rights b) DPSP c) Fundamental Duties d) Preamble
5. Which of the following is a Gandhian DPSP?
a) Uniform Civil Code b) Prohibition of liquor c) International peace d) Environment protection
Answers:
1 – b) Part IV
2 – b) Non-justiciable
3 – c) Ireland
4 – b) DPSP
5 – b) Prohibition of liquor
1 – b) Part IV
2 – b) Non-justiciable
3 – c) Ireland
4 – b) DPSP
5 – b) Prohibition of liquor
Quick Recap | सार
Now you should be able to:
- Recall the most important ideas of this topic.
- Solve typical NDA-style questions from this chapter.
- Spot and avoid common traps used in competitive exams.
Self-check: 3–4 random questions उठा कर देखिए – अगर आसानी से हो रहे हैं, तो chapter strong है।
Common Exam Mistakes | आम गलतियाँ
- Concept ठीक से clear न करना और सीधे रटने की कोशिश करना।
- Question पूरी तरह पढ़े बिना answer mark कर देना।
- Figures, dates, या formulas को last step में verify न करना।
NDA में smart strategy यह है कि आसान वाले सवाल पहले, doubtful बाद में – और silly mistakes से बचना सबसे ज़रूरी है।