📜 Chapter Contents
Read all sections below in order. Practice questions at the end.
1. Establishment
Babur founded Mughal rule after defeating Ibrahim Lodi in the First Battle of Panipat (1526).
2. Major Emperors
- Babur – founder, wrote “Baburnama”.
- Humayun – defeated by Sher Shah, later restored.
- Akbar – greatest Mughal ruler, religious tolerance, strong administration.
- Jahangir – known for justice; Nur Jahan influential.
- Shah Jahan – Taj Mahal, Red Fort, peak of architecture.
- Aurangzeb – expanded empire but policies led to discontent.
3. Akbar’s Policies
- Mansabdari system to organise army and officials.
- Policy of Sulh‑i‑kul – peace with all religions.
4. Practice Questions
1. First Battle of Panipat (1526) was fought between:
a) Akbar and Hemu b) Babur and Ibrahim Lodi
c) Humayun and Sher Shah d) Aurangzeb and Shivaji
2. Taj Mahal was built by:
a) Akbar b) Jahangir c) Shah Jahan d) Aurangzeb
a) Akbar and Hemu b) Babur and Ibrahim Lodi
c) Humayun and Sher Shah d) Aurangzeb and Shivaji
2. Taj Mahal was built by:
a) Akbar b) Jahangir c) Shah Jahan d) Aurangzeb
Answers: 1 – b) Babur and Ibrahim Lodi, 2 – c) Shah Jahan
Quick Recap | सार
Now you should be able to:
- Recall the most important ideas of this topic.
- Solve typical NDA-style questions from this chapter.
- Spot and avoid common traps used in competitive exams.
Self-check: 3–4 random questions उठा कर देखिए – अगर आसानी से हो रहे हैं, तो chapter strong है।
Common Exam Mistakes | आम गलतियाँ
- Concept ठीक से clear न करना और सीधे रटने की कोशिश करना।
- Question पूरी तरह पढ़े बिना answer mark कर देना।
- Figures, dates, या formulas को last step में verify न करना।
NDA में smart strategy यह है कि आसान वाले सवाल पहले, doubtful बाद में – और silly mistakes से बचना सबसे ज़रूरी है।