📜 Chapter Contents
Read all sections below in order. Practice questions at the end.
1. Main Dynasties
- Slave (Mamluk) – Qutb‑ud‑din Aibak, Iltutmish, Razia, Balban.
- Khilji – Jalal‑ud‑din, Alauddin Khilji.
- Tughlaq – Ghiyas‑ud‑din, Muhammad bin Tughlaq, Firoz Shah Tughlaq.
- Sayyid and Lodi dynasties.
2. Important Points
- Aibak started Qutub Minar; Iltutmish completed it.
- Razia Sultan – first woman ruler of Delhi.
- Alauddin Khilji – market control, big conquests.
- Muhammad bin Tughlaq – known for ambitious but failed experiments.
हिंदी: exam में अक्सर पूछा जाता है – Qutub Minar किसने शुरू किया, किसने पूरा किया; पहली महिला शासक कौन थी?
3. Practice Questions
1. First woman ruler of Delhi was:
a) Nur Jahan b) Razia Sultan c) Rani Durgavati d) Ahilyabai Holkar
2. Qutub Minar was started by:
a) Iltutmish b) Aibak c) Alauddin d) Balban
a) Nur Jahan b) Razia Sultan c) Rani Durgavati d) Ahilyabai Holkar
2. Qutub Minar was started by:
a) Iltutmish b) Aibak c) Alauddin d) Balban
Answers: 1 – b) Razia Sultan, 2 – b) Aibak (completed by Iltutmish)
Quick Recap | सार
Now you should be able to:
- Recall the most important ideas of this topic.
- Solve typical NDA-style questions from this chapter.
- Spot and avoid common traps used in competitive exams.
Self-check: 3–4 random questions उठा कर देखिए – अगर आसानी से हो रहे हैं, तो chapter strong है।
Common Exam Mistakes | आम गलतियाँ
- Concept ठीक से clear न करना और सीधे रटने की कोशिश करना।
- Question पूरी तरह पढ़े बिना answer mark कर देना।
- Figures, dates, या formulas को last step में verify न करना।
NDA में smart strategy यह है कि आसान वाले सवाल पहले, doubtful बाद में – और silly mistakes से बचना सबसे ज़रूरी है।