📘 Chapter Contents
1. Classroom Explanation
Voice shows whether the subject is doing the action (Active Voice) or receiving the action (Passive Voice).
हिंदी: Active = subject काम कर रहा है, Passive = subject पर काम हो रहा है।
2. Basic Pattern
- Active: Subject + Verb + Object
- Passive: Object + be (is/am/are/was/were) + V3 + by + Subject
3. Tense-wise Conversion (Common Types)
- Simple Present: A: He writes a letter. → P: A letter is written by him.
- Simple Past: A: He wrote a letter. → P: A letter was written by him.
- Present Continuous: A: He is writing a letter. → P: A letter is being written by him.
- Present Perfect: A: He has written a letter. → P: A letter has been written by him.
- Modal: A: He can solve the problem. → P: The problem can be solved by him.
हिंदी: Passive में हमेशा V3 का उपयोग होता है, और be verb (is/am/are/was/were/been/being) लगता है।
4. Solved Examples
Example 1:
Active: They help the poor.
Active: They help the poor.
Passive: The poor are helped by them.
हिंदी: help → are helped, object “the poor” आगे आ गया
हिंदी: help → are helped, object “the poor” आगे आ गया
Example 2:
Active: She is singing a song.
Active: She is singing a song.
Passive: A song is being sung by her.
हिंदी: is singing → is being sung
हिंदी: is singing → is being sung
Example 3:
Active: He has completed the work.
Active: He has completed the work.
Passive: The work has been completed by him.
हिंदी: has completed → has been completed
हिंदी: has completed → has been completed
5. Practice Questions
Change into Passive Voice:
1. The officer punished the soldier.
2. They will announce the result tomorrow.
3. She is cleaning the room.
4. He can solve this question.
5. The students have written the test.
1. The officer punished the soldier.
2. They will announce the result tomorrow.
3. She is cleaning the room.
4. He can solve this question.
5. The students have written the test.
Answers
1. The soldier was punished by the officer.
2. The result will be announced tomorrow.
3. The room is being cleaned by her.
4. This question can be solved by him.
5. The test has been written by the students.
2. The result will be announced tomorrow.
3. The room is being cleaned by her.
4. This question can be solved by him.
5. The test has been written by the students.
Quick Recap | सार
Now you should be able to:
- Recall the most important ideas of this topic.
- Solve typical NDA-style questions from this chapter.
- Spot and avoid common traps used in competitive exams.
Self-check: 3–4 random questions उठा कर देखिए – अगर आसानी से हो रहे हैं, तो chapter strong है।
Common Exam Mistakes | आम गलतियाँ
- Concept ठीक से clear न करना और सीधे रटने की कोशिश करना।
- Question पूरी तरह पढ़े बिना answer mark कर देना।
- Figures, dates, या formulas को last step में verify न करना।
NDA में smart strategy यह है कि आसान वाले सवाल पहले, doubtful बाद में – और silly mistakes से बचना सबसे ज़रूरी है।