🎙 Concept / आधार
Syllogism में दो या अधिक statements दिए जाते हैं और पूछा जाता है कि कौन-सा conclusion 100% true, false या doubtful है।
Delhi Police exam में traditional Venn diagram method आता है — कोई tricky pattern नहीं।
✔ Standard Statements / मानक कथन
1. All A are B → A पूरी तरह B में शामिल
2. Some A are B → कुछ A, B हैं
3. No A is B → A और B अलग-अलग हैं
4. Some A are not B → कुछ A, B नहीं हैं
Always use Venn Diagram → safest and exam-perfect method.
✔ Solved Examples (Delhi Police Pattern)
Example 1:
Statements:
1. All cats are animals.
2. Some animals are wild.
Conclusion:
I. Some cats are wild.
II. All animals are cats.
Solution:
I → Not definite (Cats may or may not be wild) → False
II → Impossible → False
Correct Answer: Neither I nor II
Example 2:
Statements:
1. Some dogs are pets.
2. All pets are loyal.
Conclusions:
I. Some dogs are loyal.
II. All dogs are loyal.
Solution:
I → True (Dogs → Pets → Loyal)
II → Not definite
Correct Answer: Only I follows
Example 3:
Statements:
1. All apples are fruits.
2. No fruit is vegetable.
Conclusions:
I. No apple is vegetable.
II. Some vegetables are not apples.
Solution:
I → True (Apple ⟹ Fruit ⟹ No veg)
II → True (Vegetables are outside fruits completely)
Correct Answer: Both I and II follow
✔ Practice MCQs
- Statements:
All books are papers.
Some papers are files.
Conclusion:
I. Some books are files.
II. All files are books.
Ans: Neither I nor II
- Statements:
Some cars are buses.
All buses are vehicles.
Conclusion:
I. Some cars are vehicles.
II. All vehicles are buses.
Ans: Only I follows
- Statements:
All roses are flowers.
Some flowers are red.
Conclusion:
I. Some roses are red.
II. All red are roses.
Ans: Neither I nor II
- Statements:
No A is B.
Some B are C.
Conclusion:
I. Some C are not A.
II. All C are A.
Ans: Only I follows
- Statements:
All students are intelligent.
No intelligent is lazy.
Conclusion:
I. No student is lazy.
II. Some lazy are not students.
Ans: Both I and II follow
- Statements:
Some fruits are sweet.
All sweet things are good.
Conclusion:
I. Some fruits are good.
II. All good things are fruits.
Ans: Only I follows
- Statements:
Some A are B.
Some B are C.
Conclusion:
I. Some A are C.
II. No A is C.
Ans: Neither I nor II
- Statements:
All pens are tools.
Some tools are sharp.
Conclusion:
I. Some pens are sharp.
II. No pen is sharp.
Ans: Neither I nor II
- Statements:
No bird is animal.
All animals are living beings.
Conclusion:
I. No bird is living being.
II. Some living beings are not birds.
Ans: Only II follows
- Statements:
All chairs are wooden.
Some wooden things are heavy.
Conclusion:
I. Some chairs are heavy.
II. All heavy things are wooden.
Ans: Neither I nor II
🔥 Challenge Question
Statements:
1. All A are B.
2. Some B are C.
Conclusion:
I. Some A are C.
II. All C are A.
I = Not definite
II = Impossible
Answer: Neither I nor II follows
Motivation: Syllogism में केवल एक rule —
जो 100% guaranteed नहीं है, वह “Follow” नहीं करता।
यही Delhi Police का scoring shortcut है। 🚓🔥